Cybersecurity-Architecture-and-Engineering Dumps 2025 - New WGU Cybersecurity-Architecture-and-Engineering Exam Questions
Free Cybersecurity-Architecture-and-Engineering Braindumps Download Updated on Jan 01, 2025 with 70 Questions
NEW QUESTION # 39
Which device does a Local Area Network (LAN) need to communicate over the Internet?
- A. Multiplexer
- B. Switch
- C. Repeater
- D. Router
Answer: D
Explanation:
* A Local Area Network (LAN) requires a router to communicate over the Internet.
* The router serves as a gateway that connects the LAN to the external network (Internet) and directs data traffic between the LAN and the Internet.
* The other options:
* Multiplexer combines multiple signals into one.
* Repeater amplifies signals to extend the range.
* Switch connects devices within the LAN but does not facilitate Internet communication.
* Therefore, a router is the necessary device for a LAN to communicate over the Internet.
References:
* "Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach" by James Kurose and Keith Ross, which explains network devices and their functions.
* "CCNA Routing and Switching Study Guide" by Todd Lammle, which covers routers and their roles in networks.
NEW QUESTION # 40
In which generation were computers first built with transistors?
- A. Third generation
- B. First generation
- C. Second generation
- D. Fourth generation
Answer: C
Explanation:
The second generation of computers (1956-1963) saw the introduction of transistors, which replaced vacuum tubes used in the first generation. Transistors allowed computers to be smaller, faster, more reliable, and more energy-efficient compared to their predecessors.
NEW QUESTION # 41
How does application software differ from operating systems?
Choose 2 answers
- A. Application software includes system utilities that run on demand of the user.
- B. Application software supports the computer hardware system directly.
- C. Application software includes word processors and spreadsheet software that are useful to end users.
- D. Application software consists of programs that end users run to accomplish business or personal tasks, such as e-mail.
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
* Application Software:
* Application software refers to programs that help end users perform specific tasks. Examples include email clients, word processors, and spreadsheet programs.
* These are designed to be used by people to perform tasks such as writing documents, managing data, or communicating.
* Operating Systems:
* Operating systems (OS) manage the hardware and software resources of a computer system. They provide a platform for application software to run.
* Examples include Microsoft Windows, macOS, and Linux. The OS handles system-level tasks like memory management, process scheduling, and hardware interaction.
* Key Differences:
* Application software (B, C) is user-oriented, aimed at helping users complete tasks.
* Operating systems (A, D) manage the computer's hardware and system resources.
References:
* Application software: Application Software
* Operating system functions: Operating System Functions
NEW QUESTION # 42
What is a common characteristic of a proprietary software license?
- A. A business gains the right to distribute the software freely.
- B. A business gains the right to use the software.
- C. A business gains the right to own the software.
- D. A business gains the right to modify the software's source code.
Answer: B
Explanation:
* Aproprietary software licensetypically grants a business or user theright to usethe software.
* Unlike open-source licenses, proprietary licenses do not usually allow modification, redistribution, or reverse engineering.
* The software remains the property of the company that created it, and the licensee is only granted specific, limited rights.
* Examples:Many enterprise software applications come with proprietary licenses that specify the terms of use.
References:
* "Open Source Licensing: Software Freedom and Intellectual Property Law" by Lawrence Rosen.
* "Proprietary Software Licenses Explained" from Software Engineering Institute.
NEW QUESTION # 43
How can the organizational culture support ethical guidelines?
- A. By creating the system requirements for computers in the organization
- B. By outlining the roles of IT specialists in the organization
- C. By creating the government regulations that apply to the organization
- D. By outlining the protocols to support security and privacy of data
Answer: D
Explanation:
Organizational culture can support ethical guidelines by establishing clear protocols and policies that promote the security and privacy of data. This includes:
* Data protection policies: Guidelines on how data should be handled, stored, and protected.
* Ethical behavior: Encouraging employees to adhere to ethical standards and practices.
* Training and awareness: Regular training sessions to educate employees on security best practices and ethical behavior.
* Incident response: Protocols for responding to data breaches and other security incidents.
A strong organizational culture that prioritizes data security and privacy helps ensure that ethical guidelines are consistently followed.
References
* Michael E. Whitman and Herbert J. Mattord, "Principles of Information Security," Cengage Learning.
* Rebecca Herold, "Managing an Information Security and Privacy Awareness and Training Program," CRC Press.
NEW QUESTION # 44
What is a function of a proxy server?
- A. It acts as a giant cache of web pages that anyone in the organization has recently retrieved.
- B. It stores files that any user of the network may wish to access.
- C. It responds to HTTP requests and can execute scripts to generate dynamic pages.
- D. It responds to user queries to create, manipulate, and retrieve records from a database.
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Proxy Server Functions:
* Caching: Proxy servers can store copies of web pages and other web resources. This helps to improve load times for frequently accessed resources and reduce bandwidth usage.
* Security: They can provide additional security by anonymizing the user's IP address and filtering unwanted content.
* Correct Function:
* Acting as a cache (B) is one of the primary functions, where it stores web pages that users in the organization have recently accessed.
* Incorrect Functions:
* A: Describes a file server.
* C: Describes a database server.
* D: Describes a web server.
References:
* Proxy servers: Proxy Server
* Caching in proxy servers:Caching Proxy
NEW QUESTION # 45
Which item facilitates communication between applications and databases?
- A. Application driver
- B. Database application
- C. Application database
- D. Database driver
Answer: D
Explanation:
A database driver is a software component that enables communication between an application and a database.
* Function: It acts as a bridge, allowing applications to send queries to the database and retrieve results.
* Types: Common database drivers include ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) and JDBC (Java Database Connectivity).
References
* "Database System Concepts" by Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, and S. Sudarshan
* "Data Management for Researchers" by Kristin Briney
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NEW QUESTION # 46
What are two differences between a handheld computer and a desktop?
Choose 2 answers.
- A. A handheld has more memory.
- B. A desktop has more internal storage.
- C. A handheld has more internal storage.
- D. A desktop has more memory.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
Desktops typically have more memory (RAM) and internal storage (hard drives or SSDs) compared to handheld computers. This allows desktops to handle more intensive computing tasks and store larger amounts of data. Handheld devices, on the other hand, prioritize portability and battery life over high storage and memory capacity.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Which motherboard component is used for short-term storage of data?
- A. RAM
- B. Hard Drive
- C. BIOS
- D. Read Only Memory
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Short-term storage of data on a motherboard is managed by Random Access Memory (RAM).
* RAM is volatile memory, meaning it temporarily stores data that is actively being used or processed by the CPU.
* The other options:
* The hard drive is used for long-term storage.
* BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is firmware for hardware initialization.
* Read Only Memory (ROM) is used for permanent data storage that doesn't change.
* Thus, RAM is the correct answer for short-term data storage.
References:
* "Computer Organization and Architecture" by William Stallings, which covers the various types of memory.
* "Operating System Concepts" by Abraham Silberschatz, Peter B. Galvin, and Greg Gagne, which explains memory management.
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which two benefits do computer networks provide for businesses?
Choose 2 answers
- A. Lower IT operations costs
- B. Increased Internet communications speed
- C. Improved information security
- D. Organization cost savings
- E. Increased business efficiency
Answer: A
Explanation:
Computer networks provide several benefits for businesses, including:
* Lower IT operations costs: Networking allows businesses to share resources, such as printers and storage, reducing the need for individual equipment for each user and lowering overall IT costs.
* Increased business efficiency: Networks enable faster communication and data sharing between employees, departments, and locations, leading to more efficient business operations and improved collaboration.
NEW QUESTION # 49
Which life cycle is part of the process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying information systems?
- A. Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC)
- B. Database Creation System Life Cycle (DCSLC)
- C. Software Test Life Cycle (STLC)
- D. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Answer: D
Explanation:
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process used for planning, creating, testing, and deploying an information system. It involves several stages, including requirements gathering, system design, implementation, testing, deployment, and maintenance. The SDLC ensures that the system meets the needs of users and is developed in a structuredand efficient manner.
NEW QUESTION # 50
What does the following SQL statement produce when executed?
SELECT ' FROM Customers
WHERE State = 'Arizona';
- A. All of the records from the Customers table
- B. All of the records from the Customers database
- C. All of the records from the Customers database that are located in Arizona
- D. All of the records from the Customers table that are located in Arizona
Answer: D
Explanation:
* The SQL statement provided is:
SELECT*FROMCustomersWHEREState='Arizona';
* SELECT *indicates that all columns from the table should be selected.
* FROM Customersspecifies the table from which to retrieve the data.
* WHERE State = 'Arizona'filters the results to include only those records where the State column has the value 'Arizona'.
* Therefore, the statement returns all records from the Customers table that are located in Arizona.
References:
* SQL SELECT statement documentation: SQL SELECT
* SQL WHERE clause documentation: SQL WHERE
NEW QUESTION # 51
What is the correct order of project phases?
- A. 1) Initiation
2) Planning
3) Executing
4) Monitoring and Controllings) Closing - B. 1) Planning
2) Initiation
AMonitoring and Controlling
4) Executings) Closing - C. 1)Initiation
2)Executing
3)Planning
4)Monitoring and Controllings) Closing - D. 1) Executing
2) Monitoring and Controlling
3) Initiation
4) Planning
5) Closing
Answer: A
Explanation:
The correct order of project phases according to the Project Management Institute (PMI) and other standard project management methodologies is:
* Initiation: This phase involves defining the project at a high level and getting approval to start.
* Planning: In this phase, detailed planning is done to set the project's scope, objectives, and procedures.
* Executing: This phase is where the project plan is put into action and the project deliverables are created.
* Monitoring and Controlling: This phase involves tracking, reviewing, and regulating the project's progress and performance, ensuring that everything aligns with the project plan.
* Closing: This is the final phase, where the project is formally closed, and final deliverables are handed over.
References
* Project Management Institute, "A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide)," PMI.
* Harold Kerzner, "Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling," Wiley.
NEW QUESTION # 52
What are two roles of a DNS?
Choose 2 answers
- A. Storing the IP address
- B. Sending packets along a pathway that connects it to the Internet
- C. Creating IP addresses if it cannot find an alias
- D. Translating an IP alias to an actual IP address
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
* The Domain Name System (DNS) has several key roles, including:
* Storing the IP addresses associated with domain names.
* Translating human-readable domain names (aliases) into IP addresses that computers use to identify each other on the network.
* The other options:
* Creating IP addresses if it cannot find an alias is incorrect; DNS does not create IP addresses.
* Sending packets along a pathway that connects it to the Internet is the role of routers and not DNS.
* Therefore, storing the IP address and translating an IP alias to an actual IP address are the correct roles of DNS.
References:
* "DNS and BIND" by Paul Albitz and Cricket Liu, which details the functions and roles of DNS.
* "The Practice of System and Network Administration" by Thomas Limoncelli, Christina Hogan, and Strata Chalup, which explains DNS operations.
NEW QUESTION # 53
Which part of the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) identifies the server on which the web page can be found?
- A. Domain name
- B. Protocol
- C. Resource path ID
- D. IP address
Answer: A
Explanation:
* The domain name in a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) identifies the server on which the web page can be found.
* Example:
In the URL "http://www.example.com/index.html":
* "http" is the protocol.
* "www.example.com" is the domain name.
* "/index.html" is the resource path ID.
* The other options:
* The protocol specifies the communication method.
* The resource path ID specifies the specific page or resource on the server.
* The IP address is not typically visible in the URL itself but can be resolved via DNS.
* Therefore, the domain name is the correct part that identifies the server.
References:
* "Web Development and Design Foundations with HTML5" by Terry Felke-Morris, which explains URL components.
* "Internet and World Wide Web How to Program" by Paul Deitel and Harvey Deitel, which covers URLs and their structure.
NEW QUESTION # 54
Which action should an IT department take if an organization decides to expand its business by selling products online?
- A. Ensure that the strategic goals aligned with the organization's mission statement
- B. Market the company's products or services
- C. Make sure the website can handle e-commerce transactions
- D. Manage capital to ensure a successful website
Answer: C
Explanation:
When an organization decides to expand its business by selling products online, the IT department needs to ensure that the website is equipped to handle e-commerce transactions. This involves:
* Setting up a secure online payment system: Ensuring that payment gateways and encryption methods are in place to protect sensitive customer data.
* Scalability: Making sure the website infrastructure can handle increased traffic and transaction volumes without compromising performance.
* Integration: Ensuring the e-commerce platform is integrated with the organization's existing systems, such as inventory management, order fulfillment, and customer relationship management (CRM) systems.
* Compliance: Adhering to regulatory requirements and industry standards for online transactions, such as PCI DSS compliance for payment processing.
Therefore, making sure the website can handle e-commerce transactions is crucial for a successful online business expansion.
References
* Efraim Turban, Judy Whiteside, David King, and Jon Outland, "Introduction to Electronic Commerce and Social Commerce," Springer.
* Laudon, K.C. and Traver, C.G., "E-commerce 2020-2021: Business, Technology, Society," Pearson.
NEW QUESTION # 55
Which two languages are scripted?
Choose 2 answers
- A. PHP
- B. Python
- C. C
- D. Ada
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
Scripting languages are designed for integrating and communicating with other programming languages.
* Python: A high-level scripting language known for its readability and extensive library support.
* PHP: A server-side scripting language used primarily for web development.
References
* "Python Crash Course" by Eric Matthes
* "PHP and MySQL Web Development" by Luke Welling and Laura Thomson
NEW QUESTION # 56
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